Back To Projects

Plant Toxicity Classification by Image

Eera B.

Since differentiating between dangerous and safe plants is a complex task for a human brain, this study approaches the issue through machine learning models starting with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and discovering that a logistic regression model—trained on a dataset with manually designed features—has the best performance with the particular dataset used.


Poisonous and non-poisonous plants have extremely similar visible features to any non-botanist, which puts those in danger who are frequently present in areas containing various plants. Failure to distinguish harmful plants from safe ones puts several people at a high risk of accidents and potential health issues after contact with a toxic plant. While previous work has found ways to classify specific types of plants, a limited amount of research has been done with toxic and non-toxic plants of several species. Since differentiating between dangerous and safe plants is a complex task for a human brain, this study approaches the issue through machine learning models starting with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and discovering that a logistic regression model—trained on a dataset with manually designed features—has the best performance with the particular dataset used. The neural network demonstrated overfitting which was likely caused by the inconsistent backgrounds of images within the dataset. The logistic regression model achieved an accuracy of 97.37% in its predicted classifications for the plants. The best-performing logistic regression model contained the three-leaf and dark red stem features indicating that these two features are the most reliable ones used to distinguish between toxic and non-toxic plants.

Explore More!

Eera B.
Clayton Greenberg
Teaching Professor from UPenn

Related Projects

Sleep Stage Classification: Investigating Deep Learning with High Dataset Imbalance Under Temporal Interval Change and Data Imbalance Techniques

This study investigates automated sleep stage classification using a CNN-GRU architecture, demonstrating that three-channel multimodal data and longer temporal contexts (60s and 90s) improve classification performance compared with two-channel and 30s approaches. The findings support ASSC as an efficient and accurate alternative to manual sleep scoring, with the best-performing model achieving a macro F1 score of 0.78 ± 0.02.
Ochir J.
Mentored by Joe Xiao
Smart Agriculture: Optimizing Soil pH and Crop Recommendations Using Machine Learning

This study explores how hyperparameter tuning enhances the performance of machine learning models, achieving a 99.5% accuracy in crop classification and highlighting the potential of AI-driven optimization for sustainable precision agriculture.
Pracheth G.
Mentored by Henry Cerbone
Brain Tumor Classification

Early classification and diagnosis of Brain Tumors are essential for providing the right treatment to a patient. It is crucial to get treatment as soon as possible because the survival rate for someone with an untreated brain tumor can range from as low as 3 months to as high as 5 years. In this project, we classified brain tumor images into 4 categories: glioma, meningioma, pituitary, and no tumor. With the use of baseline and deep learning models, the deep learning models demonstrated a significantly higher performance due to their ability to analyze images. The model with the highest accuracy was the MobileNet, a pre-trained transfer learning model trained on 5,608 images. This model yielded a validation accuracy of 98.24%. Using metrics including Kappa cohen score, precision, and recall, we validated the machine learning model's performance. We deployed the MobileNet model to a web app using Streamlit, where users submit MRI images and receive diagnoses of tumor class. We found that the model performed very well while utilizing the web app, indicating that it is safe to be used. However, since we only have 4 classes and there are over 150 total types of brain tumors, it could easily get a diagnosis wrong if it is not in one of these 4 classes.
Rohan S.
Mentored by Sriram Hathwar